解剖学和形态学
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abstract::The ability of speakers to exaggerate speech sounds ("hyperarticulation") has led to the theory that the targets themselves must be hyperspace hyperarticulated. Johnson, Flemming, and Wright (1993) found that perceptual "best exemplar" choices for vowels were more speech extreme than listeners' own productions. Our fi...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/00238309040470020301
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study looks at the syllable onset interval (SOI) patterning in Taiwan Mandarin spontaneous speech and its relationship to discourse and syntactic units. Monologs were elicited by asking readers to tell stories depicted in comic strips and were transcribed and segmented into Discourse Segment Units (Grosz & Sidner...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00238309040470010301
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When processing the initial segment of a sentence, readers may favor an interpretation that will turn out to be incorrect as more words are read. In these cases, a reanalysis process is necessary in order to correct the mental representation built up to that point. It has been previously proposed that readers obey a m...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00238309030460010301
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown that while children acquire all Cantonese tones by age two, they are not able to label them reliably until approximately age 10. One possible explanation for the large age discrepancy may be the different methodologies used. This study aimed to (1) investigate a new research design for the collectio...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00238309020450040401
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sound patterns in the speech of two Brazilian-Portuguese speaking children are compared with early production patterns in English-learning children as well as English and Brazilian-Portuguese (BP) characteristics. The relationship between production system effects and ambient language influences in the acquisition of ...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00238309020450020401
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of signed languages provides an opportunity to identify those characteristics of language that are universal and to investigate the effect of production modality (signed vs. spoken) on the grammar. Over time, American Sign Language (ASL) has accommodated itself to the production and perception requirements o...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00238309990420020501
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigate syntactic and prosodic features of the speaker's speech at points where turn-taking and backchannels occur, on the basis of our analysis of Japanese spontaneous dialogs. Specifically, we focus on features such as part of speech, duration, F0 contour pattern, relative height of the peak F0...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099804100404
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of vowel duration for specifying vowel contrasts differs across languages. In English, for example, a number of vowel pairs are acoustically differentiated by both temporal and spectral information, whereas in standard French temporal information plays a much more minor role. Gottfried and Beddor (1988)...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099704000304
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research aims (1) to describe the acoustic manifestations of emphatic accent in French by examining similarities and differences between four speakers; and (2) to identify, amongst the acoustic measures, those which determine the perception of emphasis. In experiment 1, four speakers were asked to read twenty-fou...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099603900402
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines the phonology of the first 50-word period of a Portuguese-Turkish bilingual child (1;7 - 1;10), with specific reference to selection/avoidance patterns. Results reveal clear patterns of avoidance related to language-independent segmental restrictions (front rounded vowels, back high unrounded vowel...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099503800204
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were carried out to investigate how the correspondence between sentence accentuation and distribution of information is used in human word processing. A forced-choice task with target words embedded in sentences was employed for this purpose. Target words provided either 'given' or 'new' information, a...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099403700403
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The principal aim of this investigation was to compare coarticulatory effects at different levels of the speech production system, in order to gain insight into the relations between the different levels. To this end, the relative magnitudes of carryover and anticipatory coarticulation with adjacent vowels were measur...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099303600307
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::That lipreading plays a role in phoneme recognition, even when the acoustic signal alone is phonologically unambiguous, has been concluded from experiments in the perception of discrepant combinations of acoustic and visual speech signals. Little is known about the effect of visual information on explicitly phonetic j...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099203500402
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::DragonDictate is currently the only commercially available general-purpose, large-vocabulary speech recognition system. It uses discrete speech and is speaker-dependent, adapting to the speaker's voice and language model with every word. Its acoustic adaptability is based in a three-level phonology and a stochastic mo...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099203500218
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four speaker identification tests were conducted using five female speakers known to the listeners. Starting from acoustic recordings of reiterant "ma" syllables, the perceptual importance of the following three factors was investigated: F0 height, F0 contour, and speech rhythm. For speakers with typically low or high...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099003300302
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although research examining the use of prosodic information in the processing of spoken words has increased in recent years, results from these studies have been inconclusive. The present series of experiments systematically examines the importance of one prosodic variable (lexical stress) in the recognition of isolat...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383099003300104
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The categorical perception paradigm was used to investigate whether French-English bilinguals categorize a code-switched word as French or English on the basis of its acoustic-phonetic information alone or whether they are influenced by the base-language context in which the word occurs, that is, by the language in wh...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383098903200404
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor beginning readers often have difficulty comprehending spoken sentences with complex syntactic structures. This study attempts to identify the reasons for this difficulty. Second-grade good and poor readers were tested for comprehension of spoken sentences containing the temporal terms before and after. Processing...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383098903200103
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although spontaneous speech occurs more frequently in most listeners' experience than read speech, laboratory studies of human speech recognition typically use carefully controlled materials read from a script. The phonological and prosodic characteristics of spontaneous and read speech differ considerably, however, w...
journal_title:Language and speech
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/002383098803100203
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00